Name | 螺旋藻多糖 |
Synonyms | SPRIULINA POLYSACCHRIDES |
Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
water-soluble polysaccharide | spirulina polysaccharide is a kind of water-soluble polysaccharide, it is an effective anti-radiation substance, which can regulate the physiological function of human body, promote cell metabolism, enhance immunity, and has anti-tumor, anti-tumor and anti-aging, antibacterial and other health care effects. polysaccharides are macromolecular compounds composed of seven or more monosaccharides linked by glycoside chains. Their structures are complex, most of them are amorphous compounds, and the relative molecular mass is large. Polysaccharides widely exist in higher plants, bacteria, fungi and animals in nature, especially in Chinese herbal medicine. The main monosaccharides of polysaccharides are glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose and arabinose. The extensive research on polysaccharides began in the 60s of the 20th century. At present, the polysaccharides that have been studied and applied are Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide, Cordyceps mycelium polysaccharide, tremella polysaccharide, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, lentinan polysaccharide, Polyporus polysaccharide, Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and spirulina polysaccharide. These polysaccharides are generally non-specific immune enhancer, to improve the body's immune resistance. For example, it can be used for patients with hepatitis and AIDS who have no specific effect on the pathogen Virus to improve their own resistance. In addition, it can also be used for lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat, lowering blood cholesterol, anti coagulation and reducing lipid peroxidation in the body. Polysaccharide nutritional health food also has certain anti-tumor effect, such as polysaccharide composed of polydextrose, lentinan and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide have certain anti-cancer activity. Because these polysaccharides are extracted from natural Chinese herbal medicine, it is relatively safe. |
spirulina | Spirulina is a multicellular filamentous microalgae, which is a kind of cyanobacterium, A genus of the family potentiaceae. At present, it is known that there are 36 species in the world, most of which are freshwater species, and 4 species are distributed in the ocean. Spirulina cell structure is very simple, is a prokaryote, individual filamentous, the general filamentous spiral, which is the characteristics of spirulina. The filaments were 50-500 μm in length and 1-12 μm in diameter. Filaments are generally not covered with a sticky sheath, which is commonly found in other cyanobacteria, which is why there are no bacteria or other microorganisms attached to spirulina cells. spirulina can grow in extreme environments that are not suitable for other organisms, such as high salinity, high alkalinity lakes. This point to reduce the contamination of bacteria, industrial farming are very beneficial. Most spirulina like high temperature (28~35 ℃), High alkali (pH8.5 ~ 10.5) and high salt, in this "three high" environmental conditions, many other organisms are difficult to survive, but spirulina can grow and reproduce normally. Spirulina platensis is a kind of low-micro cyanobacteria with nutritional and health care functions. It has high protein content, up to 70% of the dry weight, and is rich in most of the amino acids needed by the human body, to meet the needs of human survival. This kind of cyanobacteria is not only rich and balanced in nutrition, but also easy to be digested and absorbed, and its digestibility is as high as 86%. In recent years, the rich physiological active ingredients in spirulina have been widely used, including β-carotene, chlorophyll, α, γ-linolenic acid, vitamins, trace elements, phycocyanin, spirulina polysaccharide, these ingredients have important health care value. Among all kinds of active ingredients in spirulina, the polysaccharide of spirulina platensis which accounts for 2.0% ~ 3.0% is especially remarkable. Figure 1 shows spirulina tablets. |
the nutritional value of spirulina | spirulina is rich in protein, amino acids, spirulina polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acids, carotene, algae Blue and other vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Since the cell wall of spirulina contains almost no cellulose, it has higher digestibility, and its digestibility can be as high as 93%. In addition, the ratio of protein to carbohydrate and lipid is about 60:20:5, which is reasonable from the viewpoint of the ratio of nutritional components. 1, protein is the material basis of life, measure the nutritional value of protein, to see the quality and quantity of food protein. Spirulina protein content can be said to be the highest in a variety of foods, the content of 56% ~ 77%, while the protein content of Chlorella is 40% ~ 56%, soybean protein is 34% ~ 40%, milk powder for 12% ~ 22%. Its pattern of essential amino acids is similar to the pattern of essential amino acids proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and preschool children World Health Organization (WHO). Its protein efficacy ratio (PER), net protein availability (NPU), digestibility, biological value (BV) is equivalent to the best food protein, such as casein in milk or egg albumin in eggs, this is of far-reaching significance to the solution of the shortage of protein resources faced by human beings. Table 1 shows the amino acid composition of spirulina protein. 2, spirulina vitamin content is also very rich, every 1kg spirulina contains vitamin B1 55mg, vitamin B2 40mg, vitamin B63 mg, vitamin B12 2mg, pantothenic acid 11mg, folic acid 0.5mg, nicotinic acid 113mg, inositol 350mg, biotin 0.4mg, vitamin E 190mg, carotene 4000mg (including beta-carotene 1700mg). 3. The total fat content in spirulina is about 7%, and the fatty acid is 5.7%, and most of them are polyunsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid was as high as 13784mg/kg and γ-linolenic acid was 11980mg/kg. This is rare in other natural plant foods. 4. The content of carbohydrate in spirulina platensis was 16.5%, and it was rich in polysaccharide. At present, it has been reported that the dextran extracted from spirulina is used for Anticancer Research. 5. The mineral content of spirulina varies with the water quality used and the composition of the culture medium. General iron content is 580~646mg/kg, manganese 23~25mg/kg, magnesium 2915~3811mg/kg, selenium 0.4mg/kg. Calcium, potassium and phosphorus are all in the range of 1000 to 3000mg/kg or more. |
Health care function of spirulina | Spirulina is a high-quality, high-protein and fully nutritious natural food, and its regulating function to human body is all-round. Generally has a two-way regulation function, such as children due to bulimia or partial eclipse, anorexia caused by obesity or thin, and taking spirulina can make the lean children strong and fat children lose weight. Tokyo National Medical University found that it also has a two-way regulation effect on adult blood cholesterol, which can reduce the original high, the lower rise, all recovered to 180~200mg/dl. Evaluation of the pros and cons of protein in food, to see whether these proteins are simultaneously assimilated and at the same time in place. It is desirable to synthesize many kinds of long-chain active molecules simultaneously in the human body. Some food proteins can only supply part of the amino acids, while spirulina protein can supply all the amino acids that the human body needs at the same time. Methionine brain peptide is very important for the central nervous system activity of long chain brain peptide, it is composed of tyrosine, aspartic acid, alanine and two glycine, after taking spirulina, these five amino acids can be in place at the same time, to meet the requirements of the synthesis of long chain brain peptide. spirulina also has the function of scavenging free radicals and peroxides in vivo. After the animals were fed with spirulina, the malondialdehyde (lipid peroxide) in blood was significantly decreased, and the activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased. At the same time, the human diploid cells were cultured in vitro. After 60 generations, the deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis of spirulina added had no attenuation phenomenon, but had no obvious decline. spirulina is rich in linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which are essential fatty acids for the human body. It can prevent the accumulation of cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver and blood vessels, and develop into fatty liver and atherosclerosis. In addition, a large number of experimental studies have proved that spirulina can enhance physical fitness without increasing body weight. Spirulina makes long-term strenuous exercise is not easy to fatigue, hemoglobin is not easy to decline after exercise. In the 70 s, Mexican and Cuban athletes took spirulina, which proved to have a good effect on strengthening and restoring physical strength. France will be spirulina as a weight loss agent. The sulfur lipid fraction of spirulina fatty acids can inhibit AIDS. The content of sulfur lipid in spirulina is rich and easy to separate. The United States has begun to study the possibility of Spirulina Against AIDS. |
spirulina quality standards | on spirulina dry powder quality standards in China, there is no uniform provisions in the international community. Now the quality standards of spirulina Research Institute in the United States, spirulina Research Institute in Japan and research institutes in China are listed in table 2. Table 2 shows the quality standards of spirulina in the United States, Japan and China. |
efficacy and role of spirulina polysaccharide | 1. Anti radiation damage effect: Spirulina polysaccharide can increase the body immunity, can effectively eliminate or alleviate the computer, TV, microwave oven and other household appliances radiation on bone marrow cell toxicity inhibition. It is especially suitable for workers who operate computers for long periods of time and in a radiation environment. Spirulina water-soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins have anti-radiation, anti-oxidation, improve immunity, promote lymphocyte transformation and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. 2. Prevention of malignant tumors and inhibition of cancer cells: Spirulina polysaccharide has obvious anti-cancer effect, animal experiments have proved that intraperitoneal injection of spirulina polysaccharide, daily dose of 2 mg/kg (body weight) in mice with abdominal transplantation sarcoma S-180 for 10 consecutive days, the life extension rate was 76.5%. The anti-tumor effect of spirulina polysaccharide is mainly achieved by enhancing the immune system. 3. Can effectively regulate blood lipids, prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: Spirulina polysaccharide and glycoprotein can also improve lipid metabolism, reduce plasma cholesterol levels. 4. Can effectively prevent nutritional iron deficiency anemia: Spirulina is famous for its high iron content, rich in vitamin B12 and folic acid can significantly promote the formation of red blood cells, increase hemoglobin, improve anemia. Spirulina polysaccharide can enhance the proliferation of bone marrow cells, promote bone marrow hematopoietic function, improve the level of white blood cells, and improve the phagocytic rate and phagocytic index of macrophages. |